Replace the nested spatial global convolution in fast_psf_accumulator_resolve with a reusable double-precision FFTW linear convolution on the CPU PSF backend.
- Add the private src/fast_psf_fftw.{c,h} module: zero-padded R2C/C2R plans, cached kernel spectrum and planar scratch, exact 1/(Pwidth*Pheight) and 1/N^2 normalization, (R,R) crop, and additive HDR output.
- Keep the previous nested loops as fast_psf_accumulator_resolve_spatial_reference for tests/benchmarks only; it is not a runtime fallback.
- Cache the circular row spans on FastPsfAccumulator and report one-time plan, kernel transform, scratch, and per-frame stage timings.
- Require fftw3_omp for CPU builds; HIP and dummy builds do not link FFTW.
- Namespace test/helper binaries by spacetime and build tag, and reject make test / psf-capture for non-CPU backends.
- Add tests/test_fast_psf_fftw.c (FFTW versus spatial), tests/benchmark_fast_psf_fftw.c, an FFTW CLI smoke check, and the 2026-09-25 benchmark record.
Add an optional CPU preview path that deposits each point-source image as a
supersampled delta and resolves the whole frame with one global Moffat
convolution plus an N x N box average, instead of splatting a per-event PSF.
- optics: FastPsfAccumulator builds the pixel-area-integral kernel of the
target Moffat at the supersampled scale (width N*alpha, same beta). The
1/N^2 box average then reproduces the final pixel-area integral, so the
requested FWHM and beta are preserved without renormalisation. Deposits are
per-cell atomic adds; resolve accumulates into the caller's HDR buffer.
- frame: fast branch in frame_splat_catalog with one shared supersampled
buffer and a single resolve per frame; the accumulator is reused across
movie frames and built from the map dimensions on lens-map import.
- main: --fast-mode, --fast-supersample N (1..8, default 2) and
--fast-deposit nearest|bilinear (default nearest). CPU-only and rejected in
the HIP/dummy backends; --psf-min-y still applies per event while
--max-cache-psf-flux does not.
- The deposition scheme was chosen by scripts/fast_mode_deposit_error.py:
nearest keeps the PSF shape exactly with <= 0.5/N px position quantization;
bilinear keeps the exact centroid but broadens FWHM and beta. Recorded in
benchmarks/fast_mode_deposit_2026-09-18.md.
- tests/test_frame.c covers fast nearest vs the direct evaluator at the snapped
centre, flux conservation, bilinear centroid, min-Y discard, frame plumbing,
and HDR accumulation onto a non-zero background.
- benchmarks/fast_mode_cpu_2026-09-18.md records a ~10x speedup on the 2MASS
galactic-centre field with small tone-mapped differences.
wyj